Non Surgical Closure of Atrial Septal Defect and VSD

What Is an Atrial Septal Defect?
Having a doctor listen to your heart is a routine part of every checkup, right? Here’s the reason why: Listening to the thumping of your heart can give doctors the heads-up on certain problems, like an atrial septal defect.
An ASD is usually found during a checkup or routine physical exam. Because the murmur it causes can be difficult to hear, the condition may not be diagnosed right away. An ASD can be discovered in a person as an infant, child, teen, or even as an adult.
Non Surgical approach for Closure of ASD/VSD
Percutaneous closure of an ASD is possible for ASDs with a sufficient rim of tissue around the septal defect so that the closure device does not impinge upon the SVC, IVC, or the tricuspid or mitral valves. The Amplatzer Septal Occluder (ASO) is commonly used to close ASDs. The ASO consists of two self-expandable round discs connected to each other with Nitinol wire mesh filled with Dacron fabric. Implantation of the device is relatively easy. The prevalence of residual defect is low.
Percutaneous closure is the method of choice in most centres.
During the procedure
Your cardiologist inserts a small, thin, flexible tube (catheter) into a blood vessel in your groin and guides it to the heart using X-ray imaging. Your cardiologist uses detailed ultrasound pictures of your heart (echocardiograms) to implant the device.
Once the catheter is in the heart, your cardiologist passes a device made of metal and a special fabric (septal occluder) into the atrial septal defect. The device then opens to cover the hole and at the same time secures itself in place permanently. You receive local or general anesthesia during the procedure.
Follow-up care
Following the procedure, you take aspirin for approximately six months to keep blood clots from forming on the device while your body heals over it. After device implantation, your cardiologist will evaluate you regularly.
In addition, you’ll take an antibiotic before any dental or surgical procedure for six months after device placement to prevent a serious bacterial infection (bacterial endocarditis).
Complications
Your risks are low during any cardiac catheterization. Rare risks include clot formation, bleeding, infection, perforation of the heart and arrhythmias. A rare risk of the device moving out of the repair area (device embolization) is possible, which may require surgical retrieval.

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